丹麦的工会干部培训与职业培训Denmark's union cadre training and professional training
In Denmark the comprehensive trade union federaton (SID) affiliate union cadre institute , training mainly is for participants to actual, practical, effective knowledge, and is not to implant all things. Starting from this understanding, the college in curriculum on training and strengthening infrastructure to improve training two system.
Basic education training for five weeks. Student entrance, the first thing is in the classroom with "posters" like form, will himself to the profession that pursues, working experience, education, disposition characteristic and are willing to open family life and social life and so on, to the teachers and students display, introduce. Its purpose is to let people understand themselves, so that they know the people, shorten the distance from each other, enhance affinity and affinity, form the team spirit and coordination, lively, unity study atmosphere. First, two weeks, mainly is learning how to organize trade union, sign a collective agreement, in club activities, improve the level of speech, investigating members of the situation, and formed the detailed record material and so on. Third, around, main is to learn to learn and the knowledge of the respect, learn how to improve the ability of speculative and character accomplishment, the purpose is to improve the leadership of the union human work ability, is good at rationally and dialectically observation, analysis, dealing with questions, particularly in the government and employer negotiations, become a great, can represent the interests of the members of the superior. In the fifth week, mainly is the study of traditional social learning and genetics of common sense, study the state constitution, understand the background of economic globalization, the different countries and peoples the similarities and differences of culture, and let the student grasp of what the real democracy, what is generalized democracy (including social, family, public place in the campaign, democratic, etc.). Basic education training is required, it is the starting point for the leadership of the union in understanding social status, look to the economic globalization brings the new situation, the new change, and on the basis of improve their own quality, improve the level of labor union.
Strengthen improve training is "take" type of training. According to the demand by the students in the boxes, abound selectivity, pointed the study knowledge, general and individual from the combination of the increase in knowledge capacity, guiding the work practice. Curriculum is "plate" type, such as education, public relations for a piece of the relevant knowledge; Establishing joint consultative committee and the committee of labor dispute mediation, how better to sign a collective agreement and labor dispute mediation for a; Ensure that health and safety, construction of the good work place for a piece of the environment; The leadership of the union how to organize the members participate in the activities of the trade unions, the construction of good and good union, trade unions in politics for a more powerful; Financial management, labor wage theory, technical procedures for a piece of learning, and how to strengthen the education of young people, cultivate good backup power and so on.
Whether foundation education training, or strengthening improve training, teachers are paid special attention to YinRenShiJiao, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, both infusion, and good at using quiz method, let the student ideas, questions, and guide students correct know yourself, know the practice, receive better learning expected effect. SID used for training each year union representative funds is 1.1 ~ 120 million Danish krone, of which 10% is union funds, the rest back to training fund, the so-called "fund", is the collective agreement by the enterprise of employers must be paid to the leadership of the union every hour and the points of the accumulation of the training.
Second, about the adult vocational training
We with great interest, investigated the Danish Center county (by 26 of the adult vocational training Center (AMU). In Denmark, similar adult vocational training center has seven and, in addition, there are 135 training school. In 2001, there are 310832 Danish people attended the vocational training, 38% of whom are women, 62% are men, Center of the AMU assumes the PeiXunLiang for one 5 of the throughout the country. The training center of 12 members as a management committee, five of which is a union representative, five is the employer association representative, a county government representatives, a representative of the city council, the trade union shall assume the ac chairman. Training center of the daily management of the practice the teachers' autonomy. The training center the ac chairman to introduce us said, Denmark is the world enjoy the highest technical level of one of the country. In the society of knowledge economy and society to forward, the labor market development trend of change, people in almost all the work more and more urgent need knowledge update and skills. Therefore, Denmark since the 50 s, implement and constantly perfect adult vocational training plan development (also referred to AMU plan), to give social members offer lifetime learning opportunities, master the skills needed to the Labour market. The first phase of the AMU implementation plans in the '60 s, from agricultural society to industrial society to aid the transformation of a helping hand, make many new production areas of obtain employment prospect to change. The second stage of the AMU plan in the seventy s and eighty s, solve the unemployment rate was higher bring production structure adjustment problems, with the new technology training a lot of unemployed personnel, greatly increase the employment opportunities. Ninety years to a plan to develop the AMU the third stage, through the enterprise and training institutions close cooperation, make knowledge, service and information in enterprise production plays an increasingly important role, thus pushing the worker quality comprehensive improve, support the development of social economy. By 2000, AMU across the threshold of planning and new, the new reform, it makes the adult education and continuing training more closely together, for the worker's lifelong learning, creating a new framework, give the social strata in the priority of the arrangement for the AMU plan of more responsibility, strengthen the business owners, employees and training institutions of dialogue between further formed "employment must undergo training", "on-the-job must accept continue education" the idea, to cultivate a large number of skilled, skilled worker played a crucial role.
AMU plan has a triple goal: one is the labor market demand in the background, according to the actual and laborer, continue to provide and improve adapt to society, science and technology progress of vocational training; 2 it is able to as much as possible in the short period of time to adapt to the congregation
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