巩固英语语音知识，提高专四听写得分
摘要：一直以来英语专业四级的考试通过率都不理想，分析原因发现听力部分得分率较低，尤其是听写部分。本文主要介绍英语语音知识对专四考试听写部分的帮助。
关键词：英语专业四级考试 听写 英语语音知识
英语专业的学生，在大学里一共有两次重要的考试。大二参加英语专业四级考试，大四参加英语专业八级考试。英语专业四级考试是基础考试，然而，英语专业四级的考试通过率却一直不尽如人意。2013年的全国高等院校专四考试平均通过率仅为51.37%，2014年的全国高等院校专四考试平均通过率仅为51.09%。
在英语专业四级考试中，听力作为考试的第一部分，占的比例最多——30%。因此听力部分的得分会直接影响到考试的结果，听力做得越好，考试通过的机率就越高。然而，大部分考生都反映，考试的听力部分，尤其是听写部分——较难。
做听写时，有一部分单词、句子，学生总感觉听得不清楚，或是模棱两可。其实，这部分只是采用了连读、弱读、略音等等地道的发音而已。学生们很容易因为没有听出这个音而写错单词，或是在犹豫思考的过程中漏听了下一句，从而影响听写结果。倘若语音知识扎实，对这部分，就不会有所疑问了。
下面就部分举例说明，语音知识对听写的帮助。
一、 Contracted forms: weakened /t/
1. They couldn’t afford to pay for.
2. I hadn’t been paid yet.
3. I didn’t have much money.
4. You won’t get paid.
5. I can’t do that.
When we pronounce /t/ at the end of a contracted form, we use a weak form, so that it’s difficult even to hear the sound.
二、 Plosion:
1. My dad doesn’t say much, and I want to speak to him, but I wish I knew what to say.
2. I understand how you feel.
3. Roger is a big town.
4. Now, don’t be tempted to lie—about your age, for example.
5. Most fathers went to work every day and most mothers stayed at home to take care of the children.
Remember that when words finish with certain consonants, such as/t/, /d/, /k/, /p/ and /g/, they disappear completely or almost completely when the first consonant of the next word is /t/, /s/, /f/, /l/, /m/, /h/ and /ð/.
三、 Linking sounds:
1. If you choose a trolley, there’s a chance you’ll want to fill it up.
2. You’ll notice that essential items like bread or milk are placed all over the store.
3. Beware of the checkout！
4. That was when Bob’s role as a father changed.
5. I put on the full uniform, photo vest, and press IDs, and I would lurk in doorways and follow people and jump out in front of them and take their picture. I’ve, you know, walked up with my camera behind me and then just pulled it out and shot it with the flash.
In connected speech, we usually link two words together, especially when the second word begins with a vowel. It makes the words sound different form how they sound when they’re pronounced separately.
四、 Silent /h/:
1. He reads a lot and he likes spending time alone.
2. But they let him go home.
3. I feel awful that we can’t be with him.
In connected speech, when the first word ends in a consonant, the /h/ sound in the next personal pronoun sometimes becomes silent.
通过上面的举例，不难看出，英语语音知识对听写的帮助确实很大。学生们通过平时积累英语语音知识，能够在考试中提高专四听写的正确率，从而提高考试通过率。
参考文献：
[1] Simon Greenall.《新标准大学英语视听说教程1》[M].外语教学与研究出版社,2008．
[2] 张艳萍. 论英语学习习惯的培养[DB] .https://www.kj009.net/paper/pp18238.html
作者信息：
1. 徐梦婕，女，南京炮兵学院外训系翻译室，助教。
2. 熊 飞，女，南京炮兵学院军事基础教研室，助教。
3. 周海华，女，南京炮兵学院军队政治工作教研室，讲师。
