园林机械中草坪割草机的相关问题
Lawn mowers garden machinery related problems
Abstract: The daily life when the use of garden machinery encounter various problems that touch these questions, we really how to deal with it? How to deal with throttle problems and how to choose the right lawn mower, how to re-winter maintenance mower,before use, use after use, what should we pay attention to it?
Keywords: Mower Maintenance Maintain Selected Service
1: How to clean lawn mower's air filter?
Foam filter cleaning once every 25 hours, dust and large should be more frequent. Foam filter cleaning with kerosene or liquid detergent and water cleaning, squeeze dried in the air, and then saturated with oil, crowding, excess oil can be installed. If printed "DON NOT OIL" do not have to add oil. Paper filter cleaning once every 25 hours, more frequent large dust. With front air filter once every 25 hours before clearing filter paper core for each 100 hours of cleaning time. Large dust should be frequent. Clean air filter before the filter with the same bubble. Paper filter should be flat on the tap. If very dirty, a should be replaced or at low or no bubble in cleaning detergent and warm water solution; b from the external water in thoroughly washed up after the water clean up; erect place and dry
Note : can not use petroleum solvents, such as kerosene, etc. to clean paper core. May lead to deterioration of their paper core, do not put oil in the paper core, do not clean or dry paper core with compressed air.
2: How to change lawn mower oil?
Mower running the new machine for the first time the oil should be replaced after 5 hours, 30-50 hours after each use an oil change. Replacement of oil in the lower cutter machine oil pan put oil drain hole, but also open the fuel filler, the plane left-leaning oil discharge (air filters must be in the upper part). In any case put, should just stop heat, remove the spark plug ignition oil immediately after a clean up, recovery, re-add the appropriate oil to the provisions of scale.
Note: The release of waste oil should keep it, diplomacy waste oil recycling business, not pollute the environment.
3: Why use a large lawn mower throttle when mowing?
Rotary mower blade mower blade when relying on high-speed rotation to grass, if the tip of the line fast enough, the grass yield good results. Therefore, use a large throttle when mowing high speed. In addition, the lawn mower's carburetor and automatic speed control device to the large throttle without load, the fuel consumption is not high, only when he has a load, its speed from no load to 2800r.pm so 3400r.pm , no need for fuel-efficient and to use small throttle while mowing a bad effect.
4: Why oil should be changed regularly?
Mower correct grade of oil on the machine's role is: lubrication, cooling, cleaning, strengthening the piston seal. Machines used for a period of time, with the entry of dust in the air and machine wear and tear of metal shavings into the oil and oil heat, movement, its various properties will decline, if not change the oil, the machine will accelerate wear and reduce machine life, and even lead to hold tiles, cylinder, connecting rod fracture accident. Therefore, instructions should be provided a deadline for replacement of oil, to ensure the normal use of the machine.
5: Why should regularly clean up, replace the air filter lawn mower?
Air filter is to prevent dust into the cylinder, to prevent dust into the cylinder after the machine parts caused by wear in advance, the period should be kept clean and be replaced. Machine using the space in the ballot will be deposited dust in the air filter, so that the air flow rate to reduce the combustion mixture to increase, resulting in incomplete combustion, power down, this work will produce long carbon deposition, increasing the wear between the piston cylinder , coke out in the cylinder will cause the cylinder in the machine power loss. Promptly clean up, replace the air filter to ensure the normal operation of the machine. Should also regularly clean the machine cylinder wall to ensure that the thermal effect. Otherwise, the machine also will increase wear and tear.
6: How to choose mower?
Mower of choice should be based on lawn size, terrain, obstacles and how they deal with grass clippings to the decision. Lawn area of over 2000m2 or 3 acres of land, please use the self-propelled models, to improve efficiency. Or slightly undulating terrain slope, can be used self-propelled models. Lawn in flower beds, shrubs or hedges, please use the front guide wheel models is 10,000. Triple blade disk set grass or grass cover can be particularly suitable for breaking.
7: lawn mower, and winter maintenance vehicles to do?
More than 30 days in storage above: First of all, let go in the tank of fuel, and launch a gasoline engine until it shut down due to fuel exhaustion; Secondly, it just shut down the heat in the state, first let go of the oil crankcase, then the recommended level of filling the new oil at the appropriate scale; Third, remove the spark plugs, cylinder drops to 5-10 ml of oil, turn the crankshaft a few laps, and put on spark plugs; Fourth, clean cutter, body cylinder block, cylinder head heat sink, lead wind cover, mesh cover and muffler dust and debris around; fifth save.
8: Why lawn mower and other outdoor power starting in the spring after the winter season can not?
Mower and other outdoor power generally does not work while in winter storage preservation. If the pre-storage maintenance done, often result in the coming year, starting in the spring opening of the machine can not. General reason is that winter maintenance without the fuel tank and the gasification of fuel burned inside, while the winter is not burning oil. Meanwhile, the gasifier can cause fuel oil within the sediment plug the hole after volatile. The result is not starting or running the machine unstable. Therefore the machine out before winter storage must do the maintenance before, that exhausted the fuel tank, burning the fuel within the vaporizer. At the same time, open the spark plug to the cylinder within the drip 2-3 drops of oil, you can pull starter 2.
9: Spring machine can not start to do?
Described in the previous winter, such as poor maintenance after not starting in the spring, its causes and countermeasures are as follows:
A, May be the fuel tank of oil within the first year is not exhausted, so check whether it is qualified fresh fuel oil;
B, If that is a vaporizer out in the previous year should be cleaned before the unburned fuel vaporizer (we should invite professional cleaning);
C, Give specialty store maintenance.
10: How to choose the type of mower?
Pruning is one of the basic lawn maintenance. Choose the right lawn mower is to ensure the quality of the premise, select the type of mower should be set according to the function of the lawn, golf course greens, tees green machine and use the tee mower; Ball Road and Sports lawn, such as soccer, football field, etc., the best choice for hob-type mower, you can also use rotary mower; common green space, landscape turf, etc., used rotary mower; Golf Course Selection Suspended slope mower; forest lawn or obstacles more optional brush lawn mower (that carry the mower).
11: lawn mower engine muffler is why black smoke?
Caused the failure is due to the proportion of the intake mixture of burning too deep. Such cases a trial if there will be air filter clean or updated. If the problem does not rule out the possibility, you need to adjust or clean the mower engine carburetor.
12: Why lawn mower engine running muffler take Lanyan?
Caused the failure is because of the burning oil to participate. After the first inspection found that the fault-foot oil to see whether the excess oil. If excessive, let go of excess oil and then run 10 minutes. If the problem has not ruled out, you need to overhaul the engine.
13: Why lawn mower Heat starting problems?
If you encounter this failure, should be Unscrew spark plug and dry (note anti-hot), then pull starter rope several times, then put it back spark plugs, start the engine.
14: Mower mowing inability to how to do?
To clean air filter removed, such as not cleaning up the replacement. Check the blade is sharp, if you need to be polished more blunt. In addition, the lawn is thick, leaf length, and if so, should increase grass size to reduce the load on the engine.
15: Why lawn mower when starting and stopping severe abnormal noise?
Reasons leading to this failure for the blade center bolt not tightened. If you find the fault, should bolt unscrew and remove the knives together, check for damage, then re-fitted joint knives and blades, will bolt.
16: Why lawn mower starter rope when a rebound?
Ignition timing advance is the result of the failure. Usually because the grass blade when the perfect thing to play, leading to the flywheel key is cut. Machine repair time should fault.
17: Why is self-propelled mower clutch hob piece easy to wear?
Hob mower during use, because the operator does not work according to operational requirements, often to click to control self-propelled, thereby increasing the clutch wear and tear film and eventually to self-propelled clutch failure, so hob mower during use, must be one-time adjustment in place to handle self-propelled.
18: Why lawn mower in the course of filling can not be too much oil?
Oil in the cylinder in various parts of the machinery lubrication, oil splash through the round of play and keep to the oil splashes on the machine parts for cleaning, lubrication, cooling, but if too much oil filling cause a large number of emulsion and bubbles, while oil can not splash, so can not play the role of lubrication to the cylinder temperature. So mower in the course of the filling can not be too much oil.
19: Mower severe vibration in the work of those reasons?
This phenomenon may occur for several reasons:
A, Curved blade or wear was uneven;
B, On impact bent the crankshaft;
C, Joint knives damaged, causing the blade and the crankshaft relative rotation, causing an imbalance;
D, Engines and other fixed screw loose; E, the base engine damage.
20: Set mower grass ineffective because there are?
a) There are several possible reasons:
b) There is no clear set of long-term use straw bags, resulting in dirty, gas-tight set of grass leading to poor;
c) A long row of grass I do not clean up, grass block row of grass plot mouth, resulting in poor emission grass;
d) Excessive wear of the blade, grass cutter wing assembly will not achieve results;
e) Engine wear, power loss is too large, due to the low speed of blade rotation set grass ineffective.
21: Lawn mower engine starting difficult because generally there are several, the corresponding measures?
Difficult to start the engine is a more complicated issue, from oil, gas, electricity three considerations, because these conditions are essential for engine work. First of all, ineffective spark discharge spark plug is one of the reasons, need to adjust the spark plug gap or replace spark plugs; Second, is caused by vector magneto gear and the ignition is not accurate vector, which requires demolition of re-adjustment of the engine; again, use of non- meet the specifications of petrol or gasoline bad, impure, this time to replace gasoline; there is a blockage may be caused because the air filter intake difficult, replace the air filter cleaning a timely manner.
22: If the mower cutting blade is not sharp from time to time?
Completion of your lawn, but grass still gives the feeling of clutter, in most cases is the blade blunt. Blunt razor blades on the lawn of the enormous destructive. Because they were tearing the grass neatly cut grass than injury wounds more, the virus is very easy to invade, it is often followed by blunt force grass lawn into a white-gray to a yellow after two days into focus, not timely treatment often lead to large areas of necrosis. Once every ten days to grind the blade, cutter blade can wear one every three months. If the grass texture and tenacity, the knife should be shortened cycle, the lawn should be our
Under the circumstances of each sharpening once a week use.
23: Mower Why tremble?
Reason may be the following:
1, Mower blades hit the process of using stones, roots, small mound or other foreign body, causing the blade curl, deformation, causing a serious lawn machine crankshaft so that tremble;
2, After the knife blade 2 causes weight range. The correct method of operation is: After sharpening the blade with a screwdriver through the center screw on both sides of the blade should be ground into the level of wear after use.
3, Flail type cutter mower, if there is one piece of knife stuck in the cutter, or two pieces of knife phenomenon, ranging from weight will cause shivering after starting mower. The remedies for the timely replacement of knife.
24: How to decide the two-stroke engine cylinder phenomenon?
(1) cylinder killed inside the cylinder, piston check as long as you can, usually caused by several reasons:
A, The piston ring around the top and the Department coke serious adverse oil is mainly caused by the use, such as the use of four-stroke engine oil or diesel oil or low-quality two-stroke engine oil.
B, The exhaust side of the cylinder piston air filter dirty, garbage plug carburetor fuel device, adjusting the fuel is too small or too little oil added to reduce the concentration of gases into the cylinder, such as paper pad insulator leakage gas and the lack of lubrication, causing the temperature is easy to pull cylinder.
C, The piston intake side of the cylinder is basically under water, and as Yu Xuetian the use of water from the air filter into the cylinder, so that film by the water mixed with oil, so that suction side of the piston the lack of lubricant film under the side by high-speed operation, the heat caused the cylinder;
D, The piston intake side of the cylinder, is due to enter the waste from the air filter office, mainly:
1) Forgot to install filter;
2) Damaged;
3) Often do not wash.
25: How to determine fault and maintenance of spark plug?
Spark failure mainly occurred in winter skirt and electrode.
(1) Normal:
refers to the normal air-fuel ratio right, proper ignition timing, spark cold and heat value of the right, the normal combustion chamber. That no hot ignition, the fire and no leakage fault. Normally, the spark plug almost no carbon deposition, and dry. Almost no ablation electrode, was light brown (rust color) or light gray powder surface slightly. Maintenance as long as the wiping out of some micro-sedimentary residue, can continue to use.
(2) Coke fouling
coke spark plug and dry with a matte black carbon layer deposition. Severe tubular carbon layer was gross. Coke will lead to leakage off the fire. Flammable too thick, spark plugs, high calorific value, ignition electrode gap is too weak or the city caused by carbon deposition. Clear carbon layer can still be used after the spark plug.
(3) Thermal damage
skirt dried white or light gray, serious local loose ceramic tube surface uplift. Significant ablation electrode, the center ring of proximal ablation electrode, and a tumor-like particle adhesion. May be too dilute gas, spark plugs or low heat value of gas leakage, premature ignition or gasoline engine overheated, overheating will cause burning. To update as well.
(4) Oil fouling
Oil, light oil black, wet tired. Too much oil in the oil mixture, crankshaft oil seal leak, spark plugs, low calorific value, low speed operation or idling too long will cause oil fouling. More difficult to remove without special cleaning fluid. Spark plug electrode gap is an important technical data, specification values should be adjusted. Non-contact ignition is generally 0.6-0.7mm. Gap is too large, high performance gasoline engine good; too small, poor low speed performance.
26: How to choose the right lawn mower engine oil used in the label?
Oil label option is based on the level of the engine operating temperature is determined by the use of lawn mower engines are mostly air-cooled gasoline engine, air-cooled gasoline engine's operating temperature is higher, should be selected to meet this temperature range of 40 labels. F above the oil viscosity grades, such as SAE30 oil. If you use 40. F The following viscosity grades of engine oil, fuel oil will lead to increase may cause engine damage, if you use this oil to be more diligent in checking the oil surface.
27: If you do not regularly change the oil, engine failure response will be what?
Longer working hours with the engine, oil in the dissolved waste will gradually increase, the oil will gradually deepen the color to black, smooth function will gradually decrease. If you do not regularly change the oil, lubricating oil will be gradually reduced, would lead to excessive oil consumption and premature engine wear, power loss, breaking up bar, engine scrapped. Oil change time should be 50 hours. If the engine work in high temperatures or dusty conditions, oil change time should be 25 hours or so, according to the color of oil in the oil chamber to decide.
28: Change the oil often can not maintain the purity of oil, why?
Ordinary mower running about 20-25 hours, you need to replace the oil, due to room temperature, oil viscosity is high, replacement must be carried out under heat before it can completely replace oil to ensure a clean. Generally the above question is no change in state heat, waste oil, and not completely put a clean, even if the re-filling the new oil in the cylinder was residual pollution in the waste oil, so oil changes to be carried out under the heat .
29: Often leads to cylinder What is the reason?
Cylinder can be said to mow the common major mechanical failure with the engine. Cause of this failure are many, the most important should be oil. Must maintain the purity and amount of oil of the piston can be lubricated in the oil moving in the cylinder flow, dirty oil, too much or too little will cause poor lubrication, causing the cylinder phenomena, check the oil before using lawn mowers in particular showed its importance.
30: Gasoline engine cylinder rod breakage or rupture at the same time?
Fault performance:
Killed crankshaft and connecting rod interface. Connecting rod and crankshaft strain traces of surface contact.
Failure: no or lack of lubricant, resulting in contact area (or even inside the crankshaft connecting rod surface) high melting temperature, strain.
Fault analysis:
Not filling oil (gas oil), or, having added a lubricating oil but they did not place, or oil in place plus the angle, but the machine used improperly, causing oil splashing round of the reach of oil to the crankshaft and connecting rod contact surface there is no lack of oil or lubricating oil, resulting in one non-lubricating contact surface; Second, no cooling. Typically, if the rated speed, the minutes will be for these reasons that killed the crankshaft and connecting rods, causing broken and cracked the cylinder rod. Also will join the fake engine oil problems mentioned above.
Analysis based on:
1, All internal combustion engines (including cars), crankshaft and connecting rod killed (or called Locking) are caused by lack of oil;
2, And sometimes damage the user's machine oil is not stored within the trace of wear debris, indicating operation without oil or less oil to splash round could not reach the level of oil, or machine memory oil is added after the accident. After adding the oil did not participate in lubrication, it is the clearest, no wear debris (oil grayish black);
3, Is also the case, although the oil enough, but the slope is greater than 25 °, the use of excessive due to tilting caused by oil splash out of the reach round of oil, there will be failures, or other parts of the strain.
References：
[1] Zhaohui Yan. 《Lawn machine safe to use and precautions》[J]. Hebei of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2002, (09)
[2] Liu Yi Chen Ruizhen Gu Zhengping editor. 《Lawn and Landscaping Machinery Selection Guide》
园林机械中草坪割草机的相关问题
摘要：日常生活中在使用园林机械的时候会遇到各种各样的问题，再碰到这些问题的时候我们究竟该怎么应付呢？如何处理油门问题，如何正确选用割草机，如何再冬季保养割草机，在使用前，使用中，使用后又有什么要我们注意的呢？
关键词：割草机 保养 维护 选用 维修
一：如何清洁割草机的空滤器？
泡沫滤芯每25小时清洁一次，灰尘大应更频繁。泡沫滤芯的清洁采用煤油或洗涤液和清水清洗，挤压凉干，然后浸透机油，挤去多余的机油即可安装。如印有“DON NOT OIL”就不用加机油。纸质滤芯每25小时清洁一次，灰尘大时更频繁。带有前空滤器的每25小时清一次前过滤器，纸芯每100小时清洁一次。灰尘大时更应频繁。前空滤器的清洁同泡沫滤芯相同。纸质滤芯应在平面上轻敲。如非常脏，a应更换或在低或无泡沫洗涤剂和温水溶液里清洗；b由里后外用流水彻底冲洗直到水流清洁为止；竖立放置并风干。
注意：不能用石油溶剂，如煤油等来清洁纸芯。因其可能导致纸芯变质，不要放机油在纸芯上，不要用压缩空气清洁或干燥纸芯。
二：如何给割草机换机油？
割草机新机第一次运转5小时后应更换机油，以后每使用30-50小时更换一次机油。更换机油可以在刀盘下部机油底壳的放油孔放油，也可打开加油口，把机左倾放油（空滤一定要在上部）。无论如何放，应在热机刚停下，拆下火花塞点火线后立即把油放干净，复原，重新加上合适的机油于规定的刻度。
注意:放出的废机油应保存好，交废油回收商，不可污染环境。
三：割草机割草时为什么要用大油门？
旋刀式割草机割草机时是依靠刀片的高速旋转来剪草的，如果刀尖的线速度不够，则剪草的效果不好。所以，剪草时要用大油门高转速。另外，割草机的汽化器和自动调速装置使其在大油门如无负荷时，其油耗也不高，只有当其有负荷时，其转速会从空载的3400r.p.m达到2800r.p.m.所以，大可不必因为要省油而用小油门，同时剪草效果又不好。
四：为什么机油要定期更换？
割草机正确牌号的机油对机器的作用是：润滑、降温、清洗、加强活塞密封。机器使用一段时间后，随着空气中的粉尘的进入和机器磨损的金属屑进入机油及机油受热、运动，其各种性能都会下降，如不及时更换机油，将会加速机器的磨损，降低机器的使用寿命，甚至会造成抱瓦、拉缸、连杆断裂的事故。因此，应按说明书规定定期限更换机油，保证机器的正常使用。
五：为什么要定期清扫、更换割草机空气滤芯？
空滤芯是防止灰尘进入缸体，避免灰尘进入缸体后所导致的机器零件的提前磨损，应经常清扫和定期限更换。机器使用时空抽中的灰尘会沉积在空滤芯上，使进气量减少，燃烧混合比加大，造成燃烧不完全，功率下降，长时间这样工作会产生积碳，加剧缸体活塞间的磨损，积碳掉在缸体中会造成拉缸，机器功率丧失。应及时清扫、更换空滤芯，以保证机器的正常运行。同时，还应经常清理机器缸体外壁，以保证其散热效果。不然也同样会加剧机器磨损。
六：如何选择割草机？
割草机的选择，应根据草坪大小、地形、障碍物情况及如何处理剪下来的草来决定。草坪面积超过2000m2或3亩地，请选用自走型号，以提高效率。地形起伏或略有坡度，可选用自走型号。草坪中有花床、灌木或绿篱时，请选用前轮是万向导轮的型号。三合一刀盘中的集草或碎草覆盖能特别适合。
七：割草机和草坪车的冬季保养如何做？
在储存超过30天以上时：首先，放掉油箱里的燃料，并发动汽油机直到其因燃料耗尽而停机；其次，就在刚停机的热机状态下，先放掉曲轴箱中的机油，再按推荐的等级加注新的机油于合适的刻度；第三，取下火花塞，向缸体滴入5-10毫升机油，转动曲轴数圈，装上火花塞；第四，清洗刀盘、机体、缸体、缸头散热片、导风罩、网罩及消声器周围的灰尘及碎屑；第五，保存。
八：为什么割草机等户外动力在冬季过后的春天起动不了？
割草机等户外动力，一般在冬季会不干活而入库保存。如果入库前的保养做不好，往往会造成来年春季机器启用时起动不了。一般原因是冬季保养时没有把油箱和气化器内的燃油烧尽，而过冬的油是不能燃烧的。同时，气化器内有油会造成汽油挥发后沉淀物堵塞油孔。结果是使机器起动不了或运行不平稳。故机器冬季停用前一定要做好贮存前的保养，即放尽油箱内的燃油，烧光气化器内的燃油。同时，打开火花塞向汽缸内滴入2-3滴机油，拉动起动器2次即可。
九：春季机器起动不了如何办？
前次所述，冬季过后如保养不善在春季起动不了，其原因和对策有以下几点：
A、 可能是油箱内有头一年的油未放尽，故检查燃油是否是合格的新鲜油；
B、 如果说是气化器在上年停用前燃油未燃尽则应清洗气化器（一定要请专业人士清洗）；
C、 送专业店维修。
十：如何正确选择割草机的类型？
修剪是草坪养护基本的工作之一。选择合适的割草机是保证草坪修剪质量的前提，选择割草机的类型要根据草坪的功能而定，高尔夫球场的果岭、发球台选用果岭机及发球台割草机；球道及运动场草坪，如足球场、橄榄球场等，最佳选择滚刀式割草机，也可以选用旋刀式割草机；普通绿地，景观草坪等，选用旋刀式割草机；高尔夫球场斜坡选用悬浮式割草机；林间草坪或障碍物较多的草坪可选用割灌割草机（即背负式割草机）。
十一：割草机发动机的消声器冒黑烟是什么原因？
造成上述故障的原因是进气燃烧的混合比重过深。如果产生这类情况先试将空滤器清理或更新。如故障未排除，则需调整或清洗该割草机发动机化油器。
十二：为什么割草机发动机运转时消声器冒蓝烟？
造成上述故障是因为有机油参加燃烧。发现该故障后先检查机油尺，看机油是否过量。如过量，放掉多余机油后再运转十分钟。如故障仍未排除，则需要对发动机进行检修。
十三：为什么割草机热机起动困难？
如果碰到该故障，应将火花塞拧下并擦干（注意防烫），然后拉几次起动绳，再将火花塞装回，起动发动机。
十四：割草机割草无力怎么办？
将空滤器取下清理，如无法清理则更换。检查刀片是否锋利，如果较钝则需要进行打磨。另外，草坪是否叶长浓密，如果是，应将剪草尺寸提高，减轻发动机的负载。
十五：为什么割草机起动和停车时有剧烈异响？
造成上述故障的原因为刀片中心螺栓未拧紧。如果发现该故障，应将螺栓拧下，取下联刀器，检查有无损坏，然后重新装上联刀器和刀片，将螺栓拧紧。
十六：为什么割草机起动时拉绳有反弹？
点火时间提前是造成该故障的原因。通常是因为剪草时刀片打过硬物，导致飞轮键被剪切。此时应对故障机器进行检修。
十七：滚刀割草机为什么自走离合片容易磨损？
滚刀割草机在使用过程中，由于操作者不按操作规定作业，常常以点击的方法来控制自走，从而加大了离合片的磨损，最终使自走离合失效，所以滚刀割草机在使用过程中，一定要一次性的把自走手柄调到位。
十八：为什么割草机在使用过程中不能过多的加注机油？
机油在缸体里对机械的各部分进行润滑，是通过机油飞溅轮的作用，不断地把机油溅起，对机械的各部分进行清洁、润滑、降温，如果过多的加注机油反而会造成大量的乳化和气泡，同时也不能把机油溅起，从而不能起到润滑的作用，使缸体的温度升高。所以割草机在使用过程中不能过多的加注机油。
十九：割草机在工作中剧烈震动的原因有那些？
发生这种现象可能有以下几种原因：
A、 刀片发生弯曲或磨损得不平衡；
B、曲轴由于撞击而发生弯曲；
C、 联刀器损坏，导致刀片与曲轴相对转动，引起不平衡；
D、 发动机固定螺钉等松动； E、 发动机底座损坏。
二十：割草机集草效果不佳原因有那些？
a) 可能的原因有以下几种：
b) 集草袋长期使用没有清理，造成不清洁、不透气导致集草不畅；
c) 排草口长期不清理，积草堵塞排草口，造成排草不畅；
d) 刀片磨损过度，刀翼起不到集草效果；
e) 发动机磨损，功率损耗过大，刀片旋转速度低导致集草效果不佳。
二十一：割草机发动机起动困难的原因大致有几种，相应的措施是什么？
发动机起动困难是一个比较复杂的问题，要从油、气、电三方面考虑，因为这些条件对发动机工作来说都是必不可少的。首先，火花塞火花放电效果不佳是一个原因，需要调整火花塞间隙或更换新的火花塞；其次，正矢齿轮及磁电机引起的点火正矢不准确，这要求拆卸发动机进行重新调整；再次，使用不符合规格的汽油或者汽油变质、不纯，此时必须更换汽油；还有一种可能就是由于空气滤清器堵塞导致进气困难，要求及时清洗更换空气滤清器。
二十二： 如果割草机割草时时刀片不锋利?
您的草坪修剪完成后,但草坪仍然给人凌乱之感,多数情况下是刀片钝了。钝刀片对草坪的破坏性十分巨大。因为被撕开的草叶比整齐切开的草叶受伤的创面更大,病菌十分容易侵入,因此钝力剪草之后往往是使草坪变成白灰色,一两天之后变成焦黄色,不及时处理往往引起大片坏死。刀片必须每十天磨一次,滚刀刀刃可以每三个月磨一次。如果草叶质地坚韧,则磨刀周期还应缩短, 我国的草坪应
根据情况,每使用一个星期就磨刀一次。
二十三：割草机为什么会发抖？
原因可能有以下几种：
1、 割草机使用过程中刀片打到石头、树根、小土堆或其他异物，造成刀片卷曲、变形，严重的造成曲轴弯曲从而使草坪机发抖；
2、 磨刀后刀片两头重量不等造成。正确的操作方法是：磨刀后用改锥穿过刀片中心螺丝钉，刀片应磨成左右两边水平后再穿上使用。
3、 甩刀型刀盘的割草机，如果出现其中一片甩刀卡在刀盘上，或两片甩刀重量不等的现象，会造成割草机起动后发抖。补救的方法是及时更换甩刀。
二十四：怎样判断二冲程发动机的拉缸现象？
（1） 汽缸内的拉缸咬死，只要对活塞进行检查即可，通常情况下有以下几个原因引起：
A、 活塞顶部及环四周处积碳严重 主要是使用不良机油引起，如使用四冲程机油或柴机油或劣质二冲程机油。
B、 活塞的排气侧拉缸 空气滤清器不洁，垃圾堵塞化油器燃料器，调整过小或燃料内机油加入过少，使进入汽缸气体浓度减少，由于纸垫绝缘体等漏气而润滑不足，引起高温的地方容易拉缸。
C、 活塞的进气口下侧拉缸 基本上是进水了，如雨雪天的使用等，水从空气滤清器进入汽缸，从而使润滑油膜被水冲拌，使活塞吸气侧的下侧缺少润滑油膜，经高速运转后，发热引起拉缸；
D、 活塞的进气口侧拉缸，是由于从空气滤清器处进入垃圾，主要原因：
1） 滤芯忘装；
2） 破损；
3） 经常不清洗。
二十五：如何判断火花塞的故障及维护？
火花寒的故障主要发生在裙部与电极。
（1） 正常：
正常指空燃比合适，点火提前角合适、火花寒热值合适、燃烧室燃烧正常。即无炽热点火，也无漏电断火。正常情况下，火花塞几乎无积炭、干燥。电极基本无烧蚀、呈浅褐色（铁锈色）或表面略带浅灰色细粉。维护时只要擦拭掉一些微沉积残渣，可继续使用。
（2） 积炭污损
积炭火花塞干燥、附有无光泽的黑色炭层沉积。严重时炭层呈毛管状。积炭会导致漏电断火。可燃气过浓，火花塞热值偏高、点火弱或电极间隙过大都会引起积炭。清除炭层后火花塞仍可使用。
（3） 过热损坏
裙部干燥呈白色或浅灰色，严重时瓷管表面有局部疏松隆起。电极明显烧蚀，中心电极近端有一圈烧蚀，并有瘤状微粒粘着。可燃气过稀、火花塞热值偏低或漏气、点火过早或汽油机过热，都会引起过热烧损。以更新为好。
（4） 机油污损
机油，光亮油黑、湿腻。混合油中机油过多、曲轴油封漏油、火花塞热值偏低、怠速或低速运转时间过长，都会引起机油污损。无专用清洗液较难清除。火花塞的电极间隙是重要技术数据，应按说明书数值调整。无触点点火一般为0.6-0.7mm。间隙过大，汽油机高速性能不好；过小，低速性能不好。
二十六：如何正确选择适合割草机发动机使用的机油的标号？
机油标号的选择是根据发动机运转温度的高低而决定，割草机上使用的发动机大多是风冷汽油机，风冷汽油机的运转温度比较高，应选择标号符合这个温度范围40。F以上粘度等级的机油，比如SAE30机油。如果使用40。F以下粘度等级的机油，将会导致机油油耗增加，可能使发动机损坏，如果使用这种机油，应更勤的检查机油面。
二十七：如果不定时更换机油，发动机会有哪些失效反应？
随着发动机工作时间的加长，机油中溶解的废物会逐渐增多，机油的颜色就会逐渐加深变成黑色，润滑功能将逐渐减小。如果不定时更换机油，机油的润滑功能将逐渐减小，将会导致机油过度消耗，发动机过早磨损，功率丧失，直至连杆断裂，发动机报废。机油更换时间应为50小时。如果发动机工作在高温或灰尘较多的环境下，机油更换时间应为25小时左右，也可根据机油室中机油的颜色自行决定。
二十八：常换机油仍不能保持机油的纯净性，为什么？
普通割草机大约运转20-25小时，就需要更换机油，由于常温下机油粘性较大，所以更换时一定要在热机状态下进行，才可以保证机油彻底更换干净。一般出现上述问题就是没有在热机状态下更换，废机油并没有完全放干净，即使重新加注了新机油，也被残余在缸体中的废机油污染了，所以更换机油要在热机状态下进行。
二十九：常导致拉缸的原因是什么？
拉缸可以说是割草机械用发动机的常见重大故障。引起这一故障的原因很多，最主要的应属机油。必须保持机油的纯净性和适量性，活塞才能在机油的润滑下在缸筒中运动流畅，机油的污浊、过多或过少都会引起润滑不良，引起拉缸现象，割草机使用之前检查机油尤显其重要性。
三十：汽油机连杆断裂或同时缸体破裂？
故障表现：
曲轴与连杆接触面咬死。连杆与曲轴接触的表面有拉伤痕迹。
故障原因：无或缺润滑油，造成接触面（连杆内面甚至曲轴表面）高温融化、拉伤。
故障分析：
未加注润滑油（汽油机油）、或虽加了润滑油但未加到位、或润滑油加到位但机器使用角度不当，造成机油飞溅轮接触不到机油，使曲轴与连杆接触面没有润滑油或缺少润滑油，导致接触面一是无润滑；二是无冷却。通常情况下，如果是在额定工作转速时，几分钟内就会因为上述原因使曲轴与连杆咬死，造成连杆断裂并打裂缸体。加入假冒伪劣机油同样会出现上述问题。
分析依据：
1、 所有内燃机（包括汽车），曲轴与连杆咬死（或叫抱死）都是因为缺少机油造成；
2、 有时用户损坏的机器内所存机油没有磨屑痕迹，说明运转时没有机油或机油量少到机油飞溅轮够不到的水平，或机内存油是事故发生后加入的。事后加入的机油没有参加润滑，所以还是清亮的，无磨屑（油呈灰黑色）；
3、 还有一种情况，虽然机油足够多，但在大于25°的斜坡使用，因倾斜角度过大造成机油飞溅轮够不到机油，也会出现上述故障或其他部件拉伤。
参考文献：
[1] 赵会琰.《草坪机安全使用与注意事项》[J]. 河北农业科技, 2002, (09)
[2] 刘毅 沈瑞珍 顾正平 主编.《草坪与园林绿化机械选用手册》
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