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毕业论文-聚乙烯中空间电荷包现象研究，共109页，36041字
聚乙烯因其良好的绝缘性能和机械性能，广泛应用于电力电缆及电气设备绝缘领域。研究表明，空间电荷的存在、转移和消失会直接导致聚乙烯材料内部电场分布的改变，影响到材料电气特性和绝缘性能各个方面。

微观形态、试品种类、外加电场等因素都会影响高场强下聚乙烯空间电荷特性。本课题的研究正是基于电声脉冲法空间电荷测量技术来观测较低场强、较高场强到击穿时聚乙烯空间电荷特性。

本文研究了LDPE中空间电荷包动态变化现象，探讨了微观形态对空间电荷包产生的电场阈值、运动平均速率的影响。结果表明，随着结晶度的增大，空间电荷包运动更慢；微观形态对空间电荷包产生的电场阈值有明显影响。
Polyethylene has been widely used in power cables and electrical equipments because of its excellent insulating and mechanical properties. Studies show that the existence, movement and decay of space charge will result in the modification of electric field distribution in polyethylene, which will influence electrical properties and insulating performances of polyethylene material.

Many factors such as morphological parameters, specimen species and applied electric field affect space charge properties of polyethylene under high electric field. This topic is based on space charge measuring techniques by Pulsed Electro-acoustic method, to observe space charge properties of polyethylene under lower electric field, higher electric field and ultra high electric field up to breakdown.

The topic involves the study of space charge movement in LDPE specimen and the influence of morphology on electric field threshold of space charge initiation and average velocity of space charge movement. Results show that space charge packet moves more slowly with the increase of the crystallinity. Morphology has apparent effects on electric field threshold of space charge initiation.
目录
中文摘要................................................................................................................I
ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... III
目录........................................................................................................... VII
第一章 引言 ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1 课题研究背景................................................................................................................ 1
1.1.1 聚乙烯及其电气特性概述....................................................................................... 1
1.1.2 空间电荷及空间电荷包现象................................................................................... 1
1.1.3 课题研究意义 .......................................................................................................... 2
1.2 国内外研究状况与进展................................................................................................ 2
1.2.1 空间电荷测量技术的发展....................................................................................... 2
1.2.2 空间电荷特性研究的发展....................................................................................... 2
1.2.3 空间电荷包现象研究的发展................................................................................... 2
1.3 论文研究的主要内容.................................................................................................... 2
1.3.1 研究目标 .................................................................................................................. 2
1.3.2 论文各部分的主要内容........................................................................................... 2
第二章 实验系统及实验设计 ............................................................................ 2
2.1 实验原理及实验设计.................................................................................................... 2
2.2 试品的制备.................................................................................................................... 2
2.2.1 试品原材料 .............................................................................................................. 2
2.2.2 试品制备过程 .......................................................................................................... 2
2.3 试品微观形态的观测.................................................................................................... 2
2.3.1 聚乙烯的微观形态 .................................................................................................. 2
2.3.2 傅立叶红外光谱分析 .............................................................................................. 2
2.3.3 形态显微观测 .......................................................................................................... 2
2.4 空间电荷测量 ............................................................................................................... 2
2.4.1 测量原理 .................................................................................................................. 2
2.4.2 测量装置 .................................................................................................................. 2
2.4.3 测量过程 .................................................................................................................. 2
2.4.4 实验数据分析 .......................................................................................................... 2
2.5 空间电荷测量中的信号叠加问题研究 ....................................................................... 2
2.5.2 两正极性面空间电荷积聚响应的仿真 .................................................................. 2
2.5.3 两异极性面空间电荷积聚响应的仿真 .................................................................. 2
第三章 LDPE 中的空间电荷包 .........................................................................2
3.1 LDPE 的微观形态 ......................................................................................................... 2
3.1.1 LDPE-A 的微观形态 ................................................................................................ 2
3.1.2 LDPE-B 的微观形态 ................................................................................................ 2
3.2 空间电荷包概述 ........................................................................................................... 2
3.2.1 空间电荷包现象 ...................................................................................................... 2
3.2.2 空间电荷包的来源 .................................................................................................. 2
3.3 LDPE-A 中空间电荷包运动过程 ................................................................................. 2
3.3.1 外加电场 100 kV/mm 时不同冷却方式处理的 LDPE-A 试品空间电荷包运动 . 2
3.3.2 外加电场 150 kV/mm 时不同冷却方式处理的 LDPE-A 试品空间电荷包运动 . 2
3.3.3 外加电场、微观形态对 LDPE-A 试品空间电荷包运动的影响 .......................... 2
3.3.4 空间电荷包对 LDPE-A 试品中撤压后电荷量的影响 .......................................... 2
3.4 LDPE-A 与 LDPE-B 试品中电荷包极性 ..................................................................... 2
3.5 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 2
第四章 LDPE 中空间电荷包起始阈值及其平均运动速率研究 .....................2
4.1 LDPE 中空间电荷包起始阈值 ..................................................................................... 2
4.1.1 研究方法 .................................................................................................................. 2
4.1.2 LDPE-A 中的空间电荷包起始阈值 ........................................................................ 2
4.1.3 LDPE-B 中的空间电荷包起始阈值......................................................................... 2
4.1.4 HDPE 中的空间电荷包对比实验 ............................................................................ 2
4.2 LDPE 中空间电荷包平均运动速率.............................................................................. 2
4.2.1 研究方法 .................................................................................................................. 2
4.2.2 LDPE 试品中的空间电荷包运动速率概况............................................................. 2
4.2.3 LDPE-A 中的空间电荷包平均运动速率 ................................................................ 2
4.2.4 LDPE-B 中的空间电荷包平均运动速率................................................................. 2
4.3 本章小结........................................................................................................................ 2
4.3.1 LDPE 空间电荷包阈值研究小结............................................................................. 2
4.3.2 LDPE 空间电荷包运动速率研究小结..................................................................... 2
第五章 论文总结与展望 .................................................................................... 2
5.1 论文总结........................................................................................................................ 2
5.2 论文展望........................................................................................................................ 2
参考文献.............................................................................................................. II
致谢.............................................................................................................. II
声明.............................................................................................................. II
附录 A 外文资料原文........................................................................................ II
附录 B 外文资料的书面翻译 ............................................................................ II