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硕士论文-剩余电流断路器检测装置的研制，正文共77页。
【摘要】 在日常生活中,因用电设备使用不当、电器产品质量的低劣或线路装置上存在不足等因素所引发的事故时有发生。剩余电流断路器作为一种重要的低压保护电器,能够极其有效的防止人身触电和漏电等事故的发生。因此,剩余电流断路器可靠性的提高,能够更为有效的保证用电者的人身安全,并且避免因漏电事故所引起的火灾。剩余电流断路器产品的质量与性能的可靠性易受到组成器件、外界环境、温度、生产工艺、设计技术等一些因素的影响。为了提高产品性能的可靠性,对其剩余电流动作特性进行检测,本文研制了一套用于检测剩余电流断路器性能的装置。论文所研制的检测装置是以当今发展迅猛,应用极为广泛的直接数字频率合成技术(DDS)为核心,以PIC16F877单片机为处理器,对单片机控制部分,测试电流的产生和调节部分,电流检测部分,人机接口部分等硬件电路进行了研究与设计；并针对剩余电流动作特性的检测特点给出了软件设计的总体思想,运用C语言进行程序的编写,以实现精确的模拟剩余动作电流以及对剩余电流断路器动作时间、极限不驱动时间的检测和显示。为了进一步减小系统的误差,并提高系统的稳定性和精确度,本系统采用了闭环控制方式,软件上利用PID(比例积分微分)算法实现对输出电流幅值的精确调节。在完成上述设计过程以后,本文最后就系统的调试过程作了简单的说明,并给出了实验与分析结果。经实验结果分析可知,本文所设计的检测装置能够很好的实现对剩余电流断路器动作特性的检测。该检测装置与现有的检测装置相比,优势在于其测试电流具有高精确度、高稳定性,并且可由程序控制等优势。
【Abstract】 Accidents are frequently occurred due to the improper use of electrical equipments, poor quality of device or some deficients of the device applied in line in daily life. Residual current circuit breaker (RCCB) is a kind of important low-voltage electrical protection appliance which can provide a protection from elecric shock or leakage. Thus the improvement of RCCB’s reliability means the enhancement of its efficiencc in personnel safty ensurance and avoiding the accidents such as fire initiated by electric leakage. The quality and performance of RCCB is affectted by those factors such as component, external environment, temperature, production technology, design technology. This paper presents a device which can be used to determine the performance of RCCB in order to improve the product’s reliability by detecting its residual current operation properities.The device this paper presents is based on direct digital frequency synthesis (DDS) which is developed rapidly and with widely application currently. PIC16F877 is also adopted as processor, and the design of its control parts, generation and adjusting parts of detection current, current detection parts, man-machine interface and some other hardware parts are also included. Furthermore, the software design overall idea with the consideration of the characteristics of residual current operation properities is provided and programmed in C language for the precise simulation of residual current, also with the detection and display of RCCB operation time and limiting non-actuating time. Closed-loop control mode is applied for the further reduction of system errors and improvement of system stability and precision. And its software is with PID (proportional integral derivative) algorithm in order to regulate the output current’s amplitude accurately. Brief introduction of the debugging process and the result of experiment and anlysis are given in the end of this design process.With the anlysis of experiment results, it can be concluded that this devcie is qualified for the detection of the residual current circuit breaker operation properities, and it show with the advantages of high precision, high stability and programmable comparing with traditional one.
【关键词】 剩余电流断路器； DDS； 单片机； plD控制算法；
【Key words】 RCCB； DDS； SCM； PID Control Algorithm；