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毕业设计-红外弱小目标检测方法研究，共44页，17172字，附外文翻译、答辩PPT
摘要
红外弱小目标检测技术在当今的军事领域和民用领域都有很广阔的应用前景，是红外图像处理领域中一项历史悠久且又充满活力的研究课题。
在军事领域中，红外自寻制导，搜索跟踪和预警等技术在现代战争中占有非常重要的地位，红外弱小目标检测技术就是红外成像制导中的关键技术之一。实际的武器系统对于雷达的要求越来越高，如何充分发挥雷达技术的优势,提高目标的检测能力，尽早获取来袭目标的相关信息对于提高武器系统的性能具有重要的意义，利用红外探测和跟踪系统进行防御是一个重要方向，而红外弱小目标检测便是被动红外探测系统的关键技术。
在民用方面，红外弱小目标检测研究依然是世界重点研究项目。卫星大气红外云图分析、空间遥感、粒子碰撞、红外医疗图像病理分析、飞机拍摄地面红外图像地质分析、城市红外污染分析、森林防火和海面人员搜救等领域中，有效的红外目标检测技术可以帮助人们迅速提取有价值的信息，从而指导人们的生产和生活。因此,对其检测具有很强的学术和工程应用价值。
本文重点研究了红外弱小目标的检测方法。首先，综述了红外弱小目标检测技术的国内外研究状况，学习红外成像机理及特点。了解了分析红外图像的热点和难点。其次，针对目前的红外弱小目标检测方法，选择了三种红外弱小目标检测方法进行深入研究，分别是高通滤波检测法、中值滤波检测法和自适应门限法。最后，根据三种检测方法自行设计程序，利用Matalb进行仿真。仿真结果表明,本文研究的红外弱小目标检测方法能很好的突出目标,有利于弱小目标的检测，为将来更进一步的研究做出扎实基础。
关键词：弱小目标 目标图像 检测方法

Abstract
Infrared small target detection technology in today's military field and civilian field application is very extensive, it is an infrared image processing field has a long history and vibrant research subject.
Guidance in the field of military, infrared self-optimizing, search tracking and warning technology occupies very important position in the modern war，infrared weak small targets detection technology is one of key techniques in infrared imaging guidance. Actual weapon system is more and more high to the requirement of radar, how to give full play to the advantage of radar technology, improve the detection ability of targets, obtain information about incoming target as soon as possible to improve the performance of weapon system is of great importance to the use of infrared detection and tracking system for defense is an important direction, and the infrared weak small targets detection is the key technology of passive infrared detection system.
In terms of civil, infrared weak small targets detection research remains the world's key research projects. Atmospheric infrared satellite cloud image analysis, space remote sensing, particle collision, infrared medical pathology image analysis, infrared image plane shooting ground geological analysis, analysis of ir pollution in cities, forest fire prevention and the surface of the search and rescue, in areas such as effective infrared target detection technology can help people to extract valuable information quickly, so as to guide people's production and life. Therefore, the detection has great academic and engineering application value.
This paper mainly studies the infrared weak small targets detection method. First, this paper reviews the progress of infrared weak small targets detection technology research status at home and abroad, learning mechanism and characteristics of the infrared imaging. To understand the hot and difficult in analysis of infrared images. Secondly, aiming at the infrared weak small targets detection method, choose three kinds of infrared weak small targets detection method in-depth research, respectively is high-pass filtering method, the median filtering method and adaptive threshold method. Finally, according to the designed program, three detection methods with the Matalb simulation. Simulation results show that the infrared weak small targets detection method in this paper can be a very good highlight goals, is advantageous to the weak target detection, make a solid foundation to further study in the future.
KEYWORDS: Weak small targets Target image The detection method.

目录
第1章 绪论 6
1.1 课题背景、意义 6
1.1.1 红外弱小目标检测中的有关概念 7
1.2 国内外研究进展 8
1.2.1 国外研究进展 8
1.2.2 国内研究进展 10
1.3 各章简介 11
第2章 红外图像分析 12
2.1红外成像机理及其特点 12
2.1.1红外弱小目标 12
2.1.2红外背景 13
2.1.3红外成像机理与红外热像仪 14
2.2红外图像特征分析 16
2.2.1噪声分析 16
2.2.2背景分析 17
2.2.3目标分析 17
2.3本章小结 19
第3章 红外弱小目标图像检测方法 20
3.1 高通滤波 20
3.1.1理想高通滤波器 20
3.1.2巴特沃斯高通滤波器 21
3.1.3指数高通滤波器 21
3.2 中值滤波 21
3.3 自适应门限 22
3.3.1自适应门限设定 22
3.3.2自适应滤波器 23
3.4 本章小结 24
第4章 仿真与讨论 25
4.1高通滤波器 25
4.2中值滤波器 32
4.3自适应门限 34
4.4仿真总结 37
第五章 全文总结 38
参考文献 39
致谢 41
毕业设计小结 42