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硕士学位论文 论我国国有企业的组织结构变革,共30页,30571字
内容提要
组织结构是组织为了保证其组织目标的有效实现而建立起来的组织内部各构成部分之间所确立的相互关系.组织结构是否合理,直接影响到企业组织的效益.现代企业面临的是一个瞬息万变的环境,在这样一种环境中,企业必须具有不断创新的能力才能使自身在激烈的竞争中立于不败之地.国有企业对组织结构进行变革,正是通过组织结构创新来保证组织功能得以更为有效的发挥,从而增强企业活力和竞争力。本文通过对我国国有企业改革历程的回顾,用历史与逻辑相统一的方法深入探讨了我国国有企业组织结构变革的原因和目前的困境,并对我国国有企业组织结构的未来发展方向与趋势进行了分析与设想.
从建国到改革开放前,我国虽然为了解决国有企业的效率问题,一直在进行各种改革与尝试,但在集中计划经济体制之下运行的国有企业并没有自主权,所以在宏观上对国有企业制度本身谈不上有什么真正意义上的改革。政企合一在微观上又造成了国有企业组织结构外在形式与内在功能相分离,从而在客观上制约了企业的发展。1978年改革开放以后,在计划经济体制向市场经济体制转变的过程中,国有企业也逐渐走向市场,国有企业改革取得了前所未有的成效.但早期的改革忽视了组织结构、管理体制和人的因素,把精力置于技术方面.当前的国有企业改革关注的焦点又集中在产权问题上,企业组织结构的创新仍未得到足够重视,组织结构变革仍处于表面化阶段.然而实践表明,新的生产方式和新技术在中国并没有取得预期的效果,其中一个最重要的原因是过时的组织结构与管理模式已从根本上束缚了劳动生产率、管理效益的大幅度提高.而将产权视为企业生存的唯一决定性的因素也不利于建立现代企业制度目标的实现.
随着新型组织结构模式的不断出现,组织结构优化成为我国国有企业实现 现代化管理的核心内容之一。减少管理层次,适当分权,建立柔性组织结构是我国国有企业组织结构变革的墓本方向。在市场化原则、系统性原则、整体设计原则和创新原则的指导下组织结构的变革可根据企业自身的具体情况采取逐步完善、择优发展、彻底变革等方式来进行.
关键词:国有企业 组织结构 组织结构变革

ABSTRACT
Organizational system is the established venation and interaction between the variouscomponents of an organization for the attainment of its aim. The appropriateness of itsstructure directly affects the efficiency of the organization, challenged by the dramaticchanges in a developing environment; enterprise should have the capacity of improvementand innovation in case of failure in fierce competitions. The reform of the domesticstate-owned enterprise is a way to strengthen its vitality and competitive power throughinnovation of its structure in order to fully exert the function of the organization
This paper, through a retrospection of the history of reform on the state-ownedenterprise in China, makes a profound analysis on the necessity of the structure innovationand the difficulties and blocks at present. An assumption on the future structure of theorganization of the enterprise is also made in this paper.
From the foundation of China in 1949 to 1978, before the Chinese Reform and openingup, innovations and reform had been carried on for decades to improve the efficiency of thestate-owned enterprise. However, such reforms are not significant in that the enterpriseswere deprived of autonomy under the Planned Economy. The great charge of the enterpriseby the government separated the organization structure from its function, which greatlyrestrained the development of the enterprises. Since the reform and opening up in 1978,state-owned enterprises have gradually become marked-oriented and the reform ofstate-owned enterprises has achieved unprecedented accomplishments in the transition fromPlanned Economy Institution to marked Economy Institution. Instead of focusing onorganization structure, management institution and staffs, reform in the early stage narrowedits scope on technical aspects. Furthermore, the focus is unduly centered currently onproperty rights while innovation of organizational structure in enterprises is still being ignored and reform of organizational structure cannot go further. It has been proved by practice thatnew ways of production and new technology have not succeeded in China as expected. Oneof the important reasons is that fundamentally the improvement in big scale of productionefficiency and management benefits are restricted by dated organizational structure andmanagement patterns. Moreover, taking property rights as the only decisive element for thesurvival of enterprises makes it hard to establish modem company institution.
While various of organizational structures come into being, optimizing organizationalstructures now becomes a key to establish modem management in state-owned enterprisesin China. Reducing management layers, decentralizing power and establishing flexible
organizational structure are the cores of the reform of domestic state-owned enterprises. Thereform of organizational structure under the guidance of market principle, systematicprinciple integrity principle and innovation principle should be carried out in such ways likegradual perfection, development based on its priorities or through transformation inaccordance with their individual characteristics.
.:state-owned enterprise organizational structure organizational
structure reform
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