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毕业论文-从介词IN的翻译看英汉空间认知异同，共36页，19286字
空间关系是客观世界里一种基本的存在关系，也是人理解其它概念的基础。在语言形式上，空间关系经常表现为由介词或方位词结构表达的位置关系。因而，不同语言使用的介词或方位词结构也突出反映了它们在空间关系认知上的特点。
由于东西方民族的实践经验和文化经验不尽相同，英语和汉语使用的空间隐喻系统并不完全一样。对于如何认识空间关系，不同的语言有不同的处理手段。对英汉介词结构进行对比分析，有助于揭示两种语言在空间关系认知上的共性与差异。以往的学者从认知语言学以及其他理论角度进行了广泛深入的研究，但尚未有关于某一个介词或某一类方位关系的细致研究。
根据认知语言学观点，容器隐喻是地位较重要的一种本体隐喻，在英语中与介词IN密切相关，其隐喻的广泛性可以从介词IN各方面的使用情况得到证实。本文选择英语介词IN在汉语中的翻译情况进行研究，从英语介词IN短语翻译为汉语各种方位关系（包括“里”、“中”、“上”、“下”、“对着”等）的情况入手，通过实际语料分析，由语言形式上的差异透视空间认知差异。研究成果有助于探索英汉两种语言在认知模式上的共性与差异，有助于促进第二语言教学与翻译。
Spatial relationship between objects is a kind of fundamental existence in the world in that it also serves fundamental function in understanding other concepts. In linguistic form, prepositional phrases are most often used to express locative and spatial relationship. Therefore, locative prepositions and prepositional phrases typically represent characteristics of spatial cognition in different languages.
Due to the difference in culture and experience between East and West, the systems of spatial metaphors applied by the English language and the Chinese language are not the same with one another. The contrast research between English and Chinese prepositional structures is helpful to reveal the similarities and differences in spatial cognition of the two languages. Early studies to spatial cognition focus on systematic contrast between English and Chinese, however, with a lack of delicate research in certain prepositional relationships.
Container metaphor is one of important ontological metaphors in the view of cognitive linguistics. It is based on the –BE IN- relation, and the wide use of the preposition IN proves the importance of container metaphor. This paper tries to discuss the translational form of IN phrase in Chinese through analysis of words and phrases. The result of this research is useful in second language teaching and translation.
目 录
目 录 ........................................................III
第一章 引言 ....................................................1
1.1 已有研究情况概述 ........................................1
1.2 本文的研究方法、范围及意义 ..............................5
第二章 介词 IN 和汉语方位词共用容器隐喻的情况 ...................7
2.1 “里（内/中）－外”关系的基本义 .........................7
2.2 与具体事物的搭配 ........................................8
2.3 与抽象事物的搭配 ........................................9
2.4 小结 ...................................................10
第三章 介词 IN 翻译为其他方位关系的情况 ........................12
3.1 “附着”关系与“上－下”关系的基本义 ...................12
3.2 与具体事物的搭配 .......................................13
3.3 与抽象事物的搭配 .......................................17
3.4 介词 IN 对应“上/里”的情况 .............................21
3.5 小结 ...................................................22
第四章 结论 ...................................................25
参考文献 ......................................................28
引例来源 ......................................................29
致谢 .......................................................31
声明 .......................................................31